what do they do?...

[Apjjm]

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(int i=0;i<10;i++)

If we label each part of the for loop construct

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for(A;B;C)
  {
   D
  }

A: Executed when the for loop is first run. This part is mostly used to define a counting variable (usually i - chosen as it is the first letter of iteration), anything declared here only exists for the looped code and the loop construct.
B: A condition. Whilst this condition is true, the for loop will run. This is mostly used to check if our counting variable meets a condition.
C: A statement which is executed after each iteration of the loop.
D: The code you want to loop

This can be used for standard counting, as above, but it can also be used in other ways too:

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for(;i>0;)  //Doing nothing at the stages is permitted
for(int x=2; y<0; y+=x) //Having different variables is permitted
for(int i=1; GetEntityExists("scriptarea_"+i); i++) //Functions can be called.

For switch-case stuff, i recommend reading the angelscript documentation on the matter:
http://www.angelcode.com/angelscript/sdk...ts.html#if
it explains it very neatly.